1. κ = λ_max/λ_min(条件数)
2. A⁻¹|b⟩ = Σ_j (β_j/λ_j)|u_j⟩(谱分解下的求逆)
3. φ_j = λ_j·t/2π,t ≤ 2π/λ_max(相位设计)
4. |c_y| = |sin(π·2^m·δ)|/(2^m·|sin(πδ)|) ⇒ 成功概率 ≥ 4/π² ≈ 0.405(QPE)
5. θ_j = 2·arcsin(C/λ̃_j),C ≤ λ_min(受控旋转)
6. P₁ ≥ 1/κ²;r = ⌈κ²·ln(1/δ)⌉(后选择与重复)
7. m = O(log(κ²/ε));总门数 Õ(s·κ³/ε) → 振幅放大 Õ(s·κ²/ε)(HHL 开销)
8. d = O(κ·log(κ/ε));cos θ_j = σ_j/α、κ′ = α/σ_min(CKS / QSVT)
9. L(θ) ≥ 0(VQLS,Cauchy–Schwarz);收缩因子 (κ²−1)/(κ²+1)(梯度下降)