1. U_O = 2|x₀⟩⟨x₀| − I；U_S = 2|s⟩⟨s| − I；⟨x₀|s⟩ = 1/√N
2. |s⟩ = sin θ·|x₀⟩ + cos θ·|x₀⊥⟩，θ = arcsin(1/√N)
3. G = [−(1−2/N) −2√(N−1)/N ; 2√(N−1)/N −(1−2/N)] = R(π−2θ)——每迭代推进 2θ
4. P_T = sin²((2T+1)θ)
5. T = π/(4θ) − ½ ≈ (π/4)√N，P_T ≥ 1 − 1/N
6. 辅助寄存器标准形式：U|b⟩|0⟩ = √p·|x⟩|0⟩ + √(1−p)·|garbage⟩|1⟩——朴素重复 O(1/p)
7. Q = R(−2ω)，ω = arcsin√p；n ≈ π/(4√p)，成功率 ≥ 1−p