1. H² = (1/√2)²·[[1×1+1×1, 1×1+1×(−1)], [1×1+(−1)×1, 1×1+(−1)×(−1)]] = (1/2)·[[2, 0], [0, 2]] = I
2. H|+⟩ = H(H|0⟩) = (HH)|0⟩ = I|0⟩ = |0⟩(矩阵乘法结合律)
3. H|−⟩ = H(H|1⟩) = (HH)|1⟩ = I|1⟩ = |1⟩
4. 测量演算:初始 |+⟩ → 测得 0 的概率 |1|² = 100%;初始 |−⟩ → 测得 1 的概率 |1|² = 100%