1. 组合基态(2² = 4 个):|0⟩⊗|0⟩ ≡ |00⟩、|0⟩⊗|1⟩ ≡ |01⟩、|1⟩⊗|0⟩ ≡ |10⟩、|1⟩⊗|1⟩ ≡ |11⟩
2. 列向量演算(第一个矢量的每个分量去乘第二个矢量,再按序堆叠):
|01⟩ = (1,0)ᵀ ⊗ (0,1)ᵀ = ( 1·(0,1)ᵀ ; 0·(0,1)ᵀ ) = (0,1,0,0)ᵀ
3. 一般乘积态展开:(α|0⟩+β|1⟩)⊗(γ|0⟩+δ|1⟩) = αγ|00⟩ + αδ|01⟩ + βγ|10⟩ + βδ|11⟩——四维系数 = 两对单比特系数逐项相乘