关联期望值:⟨Z₀Z₁⟩

1. (Z⊗Z)|Φ⁺⟩ = (1/√2)[(+1)(+1)|00⟩ + (−1)(−1)|11⟩] = (1/√2)(|00⟩ + |11⟩) = |Φ⁺⟩

2. |Φ⁺⟩ 是 Z⊗Z 的本征态、本征值 +1 → ⟨Z₀Z₁⟩ = ⟨Φ⁺|Φ⁺⟩ = 1

类型worked-example(本课高潮,重点页)